Two-Wheeler Insurance in India: Everything You Need to Know
India has over 22 crore registered two-wheelers — making it the world's largest two-wheeler market. Despite this, many riders either carry only the mandatory third-party policy or drive without insurance entirely. This guide explains what two-wheeler insurance covers, how to maximise your coverage, and what to do when you need to claim.
Types of Two-Wheeler Insurance
Third-Party Liability Insurance (Mandatory)
As per the Motor Vehicles Act 1988, every vehicle on Indian roads must have at least third-party insurance. Third-party (TP) insurance covers:
- Legal liability to third parties for bodily injury or death
- Legal liability for third-party property damage (up to ₹7.5 lakh)
It does NOT cover damage to your own vehicle. TP premiums are fixed by IRDAI and do not vary between insurers. For a 150cc bike, TP premium is approximately ₹1,366/year (2024).
Comprehensive Insurance (Highly Recommended)
Comprehensive insurance includes TP liability PLUS Own Damage (OD) cover for your vehicle. OD covers:
- Accident damage (collision, rollover)
- Theft of the vehicle
- Natural disasters (flood, earthquake, storm, cyclone)
- Fire and explosion
- Vandalism and riots
Standalone Own Damage (OD) Policy
Since 2019, IRDAI allows buying OD cover separately from TP. This is useful if you have a long-term TP policy but need to renew OD annually.
IDV: Insured Declared Value
IDV is the maximum amount your insurer will pay if your bike is stolen or totalled (beyond repair). It is calculated as:
IDV = Ex-showroom price × (1 - depreciation %)
IRDAI-mandated depreciation schedule:
- Up to 6 months old: 5%
- 6 months–1 year: 15%
- 1–2 years: 20%
- 2–3 years: 30%
- 3–4 years: 40%
- 4–5 years: 50%
Setting IDV close to market value ensures adequate compensation. Avoid under-declaring IDV just to save premium — you'll be under-insured at claim time.
Useful Add-Ons for Two-Wheeler Insurance
- Zero depreciation: Pays full replacement part costs without depreciation deduction — recommended for bikes under 3 years old
- Engine protect: Covers engine damage from waterlogging or oil leakage (not standard in OD cover)
- NCB protection: Preserves your No-Claim Bonus even after making one claim in a year
- Roadside assistance: Towing, emergency fuel, flat tyre help
- Return to invoice: Pays full purchase invoice value on theft — useful for new bikes
How to File a Two-Wheeler Insurance Claim
For Accidents
- Ensure safety first — move to a safe location, seek medical help if needed
- Note the other party's details if applicable
- Take photos of the damage and accident scene
- Intimate the insurer within 24–48 hours (most require immediate notification)
- Take the bike to an insurer-authorised garage for cashless repair
- For reimbursement, repair at any garage and submit bills
For Theft
- File an FIR at the nearest police station immediately
- Intimate the insurer with the FIR copy
- Submit all documents: RC, original keys, insurance policy, FIR
- After 90 days if the vehicle is not recovered, insurer settles for IDV minus deductibles
No-Claim Bonus for Bikes
Every claim-free year earns NCB that reduces your OD premium at renewal: 20% after year 1, up to 50% after 5 consecutive claim-free years. Protect your NCB by using it only for large claims — minor scratches often cost less than the NCB you'd lose.